Fig. 3

The effect of additive amount and adding manner of biotin on cell growth, glucose consumption and l-lysine production of strain JL-69P_tac-M gdh in fed-batch fermentation. Right pointing arrow represents the point-in-time of biotin adding. a 0.8 mg L⁻¹ of biotin was added in each time; b 2.4 mg L⁻¹ of biotin was added in each time; c 1.2 mg L⁻¹ of biotin was added in each time; d 0.6 mg L⁻¹ of biotin was added in each time. Signal denotes: DCW (filled diamond, blue line), glucose (filled square, magenta line), l-lysine (filled circle, red line), and biotin (filled triangle, olive line). The data represent mean values and standard deviations obtained from three independent cultivations