Fig. 3

αGG accumulation during cultivation of C. glutamicum IMglgA ΔotsA (pEKEx3-ggpSP) in small-scale bioreactors in CgC minimal medium with 2% sucrose. The culture was inoculated at an OD₆₀₀ of about 1, after 4 h of cultivation a hyperosmotic shock was applied by addition of NaCl (final concentration 750 mM; the timepoint of NaCl addition is indicated by a black arrow). Growth (grey triangles), sucrose concentration (white squares), and α-GG concentration (black circles) were analyzed throughout cultivation. The fermentation was performed in duplicates, for substrate and product concentrations samples from each fermentation were analyzed in triplicates. Means of substrate and product concentrations are from two independent experiments; error bars indicate standard deviations. For growth a representative curve of the two experiments is shown