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Table 4 Residual emulsification activity (REA%) at pH 4 and pH 12 after an incubation period of up to 30 months

From: Bacterial polyextremotolerant bioemulsifiers from arid soils improve water retention capacity and humidity uptake in sandy soil

Isolate/surfactant

Time (months)

pH 4

pH 12

Toluene

Hexane

Hexadecane

Toluene

Hexane

Hexadecane

Tween 80

29

96.22 ± 2.10

94.44 ± 0.00

89.47 ± 0.00

92.87 ± 2.23

96.22 ± 2.10

87.81 ± 1.15

Bacillus sp. L45

30

100.00 ± 0.00

77.09 ± 2.70

0.00 ± 0.00

66.43 ± 3.96

55.00 ± 7.07

0.00 ± 0.00

Paenibacillus tarimensis L88

30

82.26 ± 8.41

2.97 ± 4.20

0.00 ± 0.00

43.00 ± 8.44

27.38 ± 8.42

0.00 ± 0.00

Bacillus sp. L97b

29

52.04 ± 8.33

100.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

94.44 ± 4.72

98.30 ± 1.66

0.00 ± 0.00

Bacillus sp. L98

29

0.00 ± 0.00

na

nt

9.87 ± 1.75

54.25 ± 1.30

nt

Bacillus sp. N3

30

86.19 ± 0.67

0.00 ± 0.00

nt

26.30 ± 0.52

70.59 ± 3.53

nt

Bacillus sp. R40

29

0.00 ± 0.00

50.00 ± 0.00

nt

na

100.00 ± 0.00

nt

Bacillus sp. R55

29

100.00 ± 0.00

59.92 ± 2.81

0.00 ± 0.00

87.50 ± 4.38

100.00 ± 0.00

19.33 ± 0.97

  1. nt EI24 not tested, na not applicable (the stability was not monitored when no EI24 was recorded)