Table 2 Recombinant therapeutics produced from various Lactococcus lactis strains

Cytokines/ligands

 Interleukin-6 (IL-6)

Adjuvant

IL1403

[123]

 Interleukin-10 (IL-10)

Adjuvant, hypersensitivity type I, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

N/S

[75, 79]

 Interleukin-12 (IL-12)

Adjuvant; hypersensitivity type I; asthma

NZ9000

[75, 79, 81]

 Interleukin-18 (IL-18)

Adjuvant, immunomodulatory,

MG1363

[124]

 Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of NDV

Breast cancer

NZ9000

[33]

 RANKL

Cancer vaccine adjuvant

IL1403

[84]

 Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)

IBD

NZ9000

[82]

 Epidermal growth factor (EGF) Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3)

Wound healing

NZ9000

[125]

 Kisspeptin (KiSS 1)

Colorectal cancer

NZ9000

[88]

 Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)

Colitis

NZ9000

[83]

Allergens

 Peanut allergen (Ara 2)

Hypersensitivity type I

CHW9

[85]

 Birch allergen (Bet v1)

Hypersensitivity type I

NZ9800

[86]

 House dust mite allergen (Der p2)

Hypersensitivity type I

NZ9000

[87]

Enzymes

 Subtilisin QK-2

Thrombosis

NZ9000 & NZ3900

[36]

 Heme oxygenase-1 (rmHO-1)

Acute colitis

NZ9000

[126]

Vaccines/antigens

 Tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFC)

Tetanus

UCP1054

[96, 97]

 HPV-16-E7

HPV-16 induced cancers

NZ9000

[101, 120]

 Pneumoccal antigen

Pneumococcal infections, meningitis

N/S

[35, 104]

 Listeriolysin O & mt Internalin A

Listeriosis

NZ9000

[34]

 Glycosylated tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2)

Skin cancer

MG1363

[102]

 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

Colon cancer

NZ9000

[127]

 Plasmodium falciparum recombinant antigen (R0.10C)

Malaria

N/S

[105]

 Influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP)

Influenza

NZ9000

[128]

 Shigella IpaB and IpaD

Shigellosis

PA1001

[106–108]

 Neuraminidase (NA1)

Avian influenza H5N1

NZ3000

[109, 110]

 Hemagglutinin (HA1)

Avian influenza H5N1

NZ9000

[111]

 Hemagglutinin (HA1)

Avian influenza H1N1

NZ9000

[112]

 M2e antigen

Avian influenza H5N2

LM2301

[113]

 IBV multi-epitope geneEpiC

Avian bronchitis

NZ3900

[114]

 Campylobacter rCjaAD antigen

Avian gastroenteritis

IL1403

[115]

 GroEL, heat-shock protein

Brucelosis

NZ9000

[116]

 Cu–Zn SOD of Brucella abortus

Brucelosis

NZ9000

[129]

 Mycobacterial ESAT-6 antigen

Tubercolosis

N/S

[117]

 D1 and D4 aerolysin

Aeromonas spp. infection

Lac-D1ae

[118]

 SiMA antigen

Streptococcal infection

BFE920

 Myelin epitopes

Multiple sclerosis, encephalomyelitis

IBB360

[130]

 T1D autoantigens

Type-1 diabetes mellitus

N/S

[131]

 Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) antigen (EspB)

EHEC infection

N/S

[132]

 Multi-urease epitopes (CTB-UE)

Helicobacter pylori infection

NZ9000

[133]

 Helicobacter pylori hspA

Helicobacter pylori infection

NZ3900

[71]

 HIV-1 Gag-p24

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

N/S

[134]

 Capsid protein of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)

Swine circovirus associated disease

N/S

[135]

 Staphylococcus aureus HtrA protease

Staphylococcal infection

IL1403

[136]

 Staphylococcus aureus clumping factor A (ClfA)

Staphylococcal infection

N/S

[137]

 Hepatitis E virus antigen

Hepatitis E virus infection

NZ3900

[138]

 Toxin A/B (TcdA/B)

Clostridium difficile infection

N/S

[139]

 F and G glycoproteins of Respiratory syncytial virus

Upper respiratory tract infection

NZ9000

[140]

Others

 HSP65-6IA2P2

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

NZ9000

[90]

 Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)

Hypotensive, anti-cancer, anti-anxiety

All ssp. Lactis

[93]

 Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein Cry5B

Anthelminthic

NCK203

[89]

 Serine protease inhibitors

IBD

NZ9000

[82]

 Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

N/S

[141]