Fig. 5

Swimming and swarming motility upon deletion of bcsZ in S. Typhimurium UMR1. a Swimming and b swarming motility of S. Typhimurium UMR1 (WT) was downregulated upon deletion of bcsZ. The phenotype cannot be complemented by overexpression of BcsZ or the BcsZ_E56A mutant. c The motility phenotype of a bcsZ mutant is not relieved upon deletion of bcsA. Plates were incubated at 37 °C. VC, VC pBAD30; pBcsZ BcsZ cloned in pBAD30; pBcsZ _E56A BcsZ catalytic mutant cloned in pBAD30; Δflagellin, negative control ΔfliC ΔfljB. Bars show the means of at least three independent experiments each in duplicate. Error bar indicates standard deviation (SD). ***p < 0.0005, **p<0.001, *p < 0.05; ns not significant using paired t-test