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Table 4 Crude oil removal efficiencies of fermentation both containing biosurfactants from BB and BU media

From: Production of lipopeptide biosurfactants by Bacillus atrophaeus 5-2a and their potential use in microbial enhanced oil recovery

Medium

Crude oil removal

Filter paper

Sand

Removal efficiency (RE p  %)

RE p /RE Ctrl

Removal efficiency (RE s  %)

RE s /RE Ctrl

Ctrl

12.8 ± 0.19c

–

9.3 ± 0.042c

–

BB

94.3 ± 0.049a

7.4

94.0 ± 0.092a

10.1

BU

93.1 ± 0.12b

7.3

90.0 ± 0.057b

9.7

  1. Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Different superscript letters within a column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) by Duncan’s multiple range test