Table 2 Structure and functions of unusual coenzymes involved in methanogenesis of M. maripaludis
From: Metabolic processes of Methanococcus maripaludis and potential applications
Cofactor/coenzyme | Structure | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
Methanofuran |
| Carbon-carrier cofactors involved in the first step of the methanogenic reduction of CO2 to formyl-methanofuran | |
Tetrahydro-methanopterin |
| Carries single carbon fragments between formyl and methyl oxidation levels in methanogens, typically formyl, methenyl, methylene or methyl group | |
Coenzyme B |
| Function as electron carrier in metabolism of methanogens | |
Coenzyme M |
| Required for methyl-transfer reactions in the metabolism of methanogens., HS-CoB reacts with Methyl-S-CoM to release methane and CoM-S-S-CoB in the final step of methanogenesis | |
Coenzyme F420 |
| Major electron transfer currency. Transfer electrons from H2 to the consecutive intermediates of methane biosynthesis e.g. coenzyme F420 hydrogenase, 5,10-methylene-THMPT reductase and methylene-THMPT dehydrogenase | |
Cofactor F430 |
| This cofactor is the prosthetic group of the methyl-CoM reductase which catalyzes the release of methane and CoB-S–S-CoM in the final step of methanogenesis |
