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Fig. 3 | Microbial Cell Factories

Fig. 3

From: Deletion of the 2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine cycle improve glucose metabolism in Escherichia coli strains employed for overproduction of aromatic compounds

Fig. 3

Phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) degradation pathway in E. coli. a The degradation pathway initiates with the conversion of PtdEtn into 2-acyl-GPE by the apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase Lnt as shown in Fig. 2, or by the outer membrane phospholipase A PldA. b After the 2-acyl-GPE formation, in the periplasm, the lysophospholipase L2 PldB, hydrolyzes the bond to the remaining acyl group of the lysophospholipid, generating a fatty acid and glycerophosphodiester molecules. c Later, the glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase GlpQ enzyme, hydrolyzes the glycerophosphodiesters molecules into G3P and ethanolamine. The products of the degradation, G3P and FA are internalized by the cell through the GlpT and FadD transporters and can be further metabolized through the glycolytic and β-oxidation pathway, respectively. E. coli can also use ethanolamine as source of carbon and nitrogen [37]; however, a transporter is not described yet. The abbreviations are as follows: phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), 2-acyl-glycerophosphatidilethanolamine (2-acyl-GPE), fatty acid (FA), Glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), glycerophosphodiester (GPD), Lipoprotein (Lpp), acylated lipoprotein (Acyl-Lpp), apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase (Lnt), phospholipase A type 2 (PLA2), lysophospholipase L2 (PldB), glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase (GlpQ), fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (FadD), glycerol-3-phosphate:phosphate antiporter (GlpT)

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