Fig. 4

Growth and product formation kinetics of strain Pen641 in controlled bioreactors. Cells were cultivated under fully aerobic conditions (a), or under micro-aerobic conditions (b) on xylose mineral medium enriched with 1 g/L tryptone and 0.5 g/L yeast extract. Initial (d)-xylose concentration was 55 g/L. Aerobic and micro-aerobic conditions were imposed by maintaining the dissolved oxygen tension above 40 and 2 %, respectively.