Conversion of cellulosic materials into glycolipid biosurfactants, mannosylerythritol lipids, by Pseudozyma spp. under SHF and SSF processes

Table 4 MEL production (titres and yields) and initial glucose concentration for SSF and SHF of Avicel ® and wheat straw, using P. antarctica PYCC 5048 ^T and P. aphidis PYCC 5535 ^T and low enzyme loading (with prior dialysis)

	P. antarcticaPYCC 5048^T			P. aphidisPYCC 5535^T
	Initial glucose concentration (at fermentation step)^b(g/l)	MEL (g/l)	Y_MEL/S ^c(g/g)	Initial glucose concentration (at fermentation step)^b(g/l)	MEL (g/l)	Y_MEL/S ^c(g/g)
Avicel®
SSF^a	< 3.0	2.9 ± 0.0	0.07	< 3.0	1.9 ± 0.1	0.05
SHF^b	23.8 ± 1.9	4.0 ± 0.3	0.10	25.4 ± 1.1	1.1 ± 0.3	0.03
Wheat straw
SSF^a	< 3.0	1.1 ± 0.3	0.03	< 3.0	0.9 ± 0.4	0.02
SHF^b	25.6 ± 1.0	1.4 ± 0.2	0.04	23.8 ± 1.1	0.9 ± 0.1	0.02

^aSSF: enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation were carried simultaneously with 40 g/l glucan, at pH 5.5, 50°C, 140 rpm for 10 days.
^bSHF: enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 40 g/l glucan, pH 5.5, 50°C, 140 rpm for 48 h; fermentation (and further enzymatic hydrolysis) were conducted at pH 5.5, 28°C, 140 rpm for 10 days.
^cMEL produced (g) per total glucan (g).

ISSN: 1475-2859