Table 1 Inhibitors and their concentrations used in this study
Compounds found in hemicellulose hydrolysates | Max. concentration in biomass (g/L) | Tested concentration (g/L) | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Aldehydes | Furfural | 3.75 | 3.75 | [[2]] |
HMF (5-hydroxymethyl-furfural) | 5.9; 7.3 | 5.9; 7.3 | ||
4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde | 0.01 | 0.01 | [[10]] | |
Syringaldehyde (3,5-Dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) | 0.213 | 0.213 | [[4]] | |
Vanillin (4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) | 0.43 | 0.43 | [[10]] | |
Alcohols | Pyrocatechol | 0.44 | 0.44 | [[10]] |
Furfuryl alcohol | 20 | [[11]] | ||
Guaiacol (2-Methoxyphenol) | 0.615 | 0.615 | [[10]] | |
Methylcatechol | 0.15 | |||
Vanillin alcohol (4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol) | 9 | |||
Ethanol | 55 | |||
Syringyl alcohol (2,6-dimethoxyphenol, syringol) | 0.156 | 0.156 | [[12]] | |
Acids | Formic acid | 7.7 | 7.7 | [[13]] |
Levulinic acid | 23.3 | 23.3 | [[2]] | |
Acetic acid | 12.14 | 12.14 | [[4]] | |
Syringic acid | 0.092 | 0.092 | [[4]] | |
Vanillic acid (4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid) | 0.122 | 0.122 | [[13]] | |
Ferulic acid | 0.018 | 0.018 | [[13]] |