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Figure 4 | Microbial Cell Factories

Figure 4

From: Production of L-carnitine by secondary metabolism of bacteria

Figure 4

Physiological state of E. coli strains during continuous L-carnitine production: A) High density cell-recycle reactor using E. coli O44K74; B) Continuous stirred tank reactor with κ-carrageenan gel immobilized E. coli K38 pT7-5KE32 cells. Bars represent the amount of viable (low bar), depolarized (middle bar) and dead cells (top bar) [57,82] whereas lines represent dry cell weight.

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