Figure 5
From: Metabolic engineering of Kluyveromyces lactis for L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) biosynthesis
L-AA pathway engineered in K. lactis cells using D-galactose or lactose as substrate. Lactose is first hydrolyzed by the β-galactosidase enzyme into D-Glucose and D-galactose which are promptly metabolized. A- hexokinase, B - glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, C – mannose-6-phosphate isomerase, D – phosphomannomutase, E – mannose-1-phosphate guanyltransferase, F – Galactokinase, G – galactose-1-phosphate urydyltransferase, H – phosphoglucomutase, I – UDP-galactose-1-epimerase, GME- GDP-mannose 3,5 epimerase, VTC2 – GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase, VTC4- L-Galactose 1-phosphate phosphatase, M – D-arabinose dehydrogenase, N – D-arabinono 1,4 lactone oxydase.