Figure 2From: Isobutyraldehyde production from Escherichia coli by removing aldehyde reductase activityEffects of individual and combined deletions of aldehyde reductases. Cells were grown at 37°C for 24 h. ”Δ” indicates gene deletion. All strains contained pGR03 (alsS, ilvC, and ilvD) and pSA129 (kivd). Titers represented as concentration per OD600 to adjust for variations in growth. Error bars represent the standard deviation of triplicate experiments.Back to article page