From: Extensive exometabolome analysis reveals extended overflow metabolism in various microorganisms
Central metabolic intermediates | E. coli (K12 W3110) | B. licheniformis (DSM13D102) | S. cerevisiae (CEN.PK 113-7D) | C. glutamicum (DM1800) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glucose-6-phosphate | 17.65 ± 0.53 (t = 11) | 88.53 ± 7.64 (t = 26) | 1.25 ± 0.01 (t = 26) | 10.16 ± 0.74 (t = 182) |
Fructose-6-phosphate | 29.29 ± 0.60 (t = 10) | 19.25 ± 0.96 (t = 15) | 0.87 ± 0.01 (t = 17) | 3.84 ± 0.22 (t = 182) |
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate | 34.21 ± 0.72 (t = 11) | 9.41 ± 0.60 (t = 14) | 11.43 ± 0.29 (t = 7) | 3.36 ± 0.07 (t = 110) |
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate | 50.40 ± 1.74 (t = 12) | 19.75 ± 0.14 (t = 9) | 0.41 ± 0.01 (t = 26) | 8.67 ± 0.10 (t = 19) |
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate | 15.04 ± 0.24 (t = 12) | 2.67 ± 0.05 (t = 8) | < LOD | 0.56 ± 0.01 (t = 27) |
2/3-phosphoglycerate | 19.45 ± 1.55 (t = 16) | 66.26 ± 2.01 (t = 15) | 2.19 ± 0.01 (t = 26) | 12.17 ± 1.07 (t = 182) |
Phosphoenolpyruvate | 20.43 ± 0.28 (t = 9) | 21.76 ± 0.48 (t = 12) | 1.08 ± 0.02 (t = 26) | < LOD |
Pyruvate | 4924 ± 509 (t = 8) | 2553 ± 25 (t = 8) | 734.5 ± 33.2 (t = 6) | < LOD |
6-Phosphogluconate | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
Ribose-5-phosphate | 10.29 ± 0.22 (t = 16) | 23.03 ± 0.73 (t = 9) | < LOD | 0.61 ± 0.03 (t = 0.03) |
Ribu-/Xylulose-5-phosphate | 3.69 ± 0.04 (t = 8) | 12.27 ± 0.38 (t = 11) | 0.02 ± 0.01 (t = 17) | 0.58 ± 0.05 (t = 182) |
Erythrose-4-phosphate | 1.31 ± 0.21 (t = 15) | 2.04 ± 0.01 (t = 17) | < LOD | 2.47 ± 1.14 (t = 18) |
Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
Acetyl-CoA | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
Citrate | 139.8 ± 6.2 (t = 12) | 104.1 ± 3.6 (t = 9) | 26.44 ± 0.11 (t = 26) | n.d. |
Cis-aconitate | 14.13 ± 0.40 (t = 12) | 12.27 ± 0.15 (t = 9) | 1.65 ± 0.01 (t = 26) | < LOD |
Isocitrate | 23.13 ± 0.54 (t = 12) | 18.28 ± 0.38 (t = 9) | 6.12 ± 0.12 (t = 17) | n.d. |
α-Ketoglutarate | 200.0 ± 17.7 (t = 16) | 75.73 ± 1.62 (t = 8) | 50.13 ± 0.92 (t = 26) | < LOD |
Fumarate | 12.45 ± 2.31 (t = 11) | 120.8 ± 2.6 (t = 8) | 12.35 ± 0.38 (t = 16) | < LOD |
Malate | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
Glyoxylate | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
Cometabolites | ||||
AXP | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
NAD(P) | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
NAD(P)H | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
Amino acids | ||||
Alanine | 1.69 ± 0.19 (t = 9) | 138.0 ± 2.4 (t = 8) | 5.47 ± 1.18 (t = 26) | 64.80 ± 4.21 (t = 182) |
Leucine/Isoleucine | 20.17 ± 0.21 (t = 26) | 11.23 ± 0.4 (t = 13) | 8.07 ± 0.40 (t = 26) | < LOD |
Valine | 88.50 ± 2.18 (t = 26) | 31.67 ± 1.30 (t = 13) | 7.69 ± 0.61 (t = 26) | 56.00 ± 6.66 (t = 92) |
Aspartate | 20.87 ± 0.55 (t = 26) | 4.01 ± 0.32 (t = 16) | 4.20 ± 0.25 (t = 26) | 28.73 ± 0.32 (t = 48) |
Homoserine | 2.43 ± 0.48 (t = 26) | 9.15 ± 0.86 (t = 9) | < LOD | 46.61 ± 0.8 (t = 182) |
Threonine | 2.59 ± 0.30 (t = 14) | < LOD | < LOD | < LOD |
Methionine | 0.55 ± 0.01 (t = 26) | 123.7 ± 3.3 (t = 26) | 0.15 ± 0.01 (t = 26) | 26.67 ± 0.75 (t = 182) |
Lysine | < LOD | 158.8 ± 2.8 (t = 17) | 3.99 ± 1.52 (t = 9) | 5957 ± 80 (t = 182) |
Tryptophane | 0.25 ± 0.01 (t = 12) | 9.15 ± 0.17 (t = 26) | < LOD | < LOD |
Tyrosine | 29.80 ± 0.90 (t = 16) | 67.20 ± 2.80 (t = 26) | 1.41 ± 0.08 (t = 26) | 8.21 ± 0.36 (t = 182) |
Phenylalanine | 28.00 ± 0.56 (t = 26) | 206.4 ± 4.5 (t = 26) | 4.48 ± 0.22 (t = 26) | < LOD |
Glutamate | < LOD | 55.20 ± 1.39 (t = 8) | 28.32 ± 0.56 (t = 26) | 180.1 ± 0.9 (t = 17) |
Glutamine | < LOD | < LOD | 2.71 ± 0.15 (t = 9) | < LOD |
Proline | 0.54 ± 0.13 (t = 13) | 20.71 ± 0.82 (t = 11) | 7.40 ± 0.28 (t = 5) | 34.69 ± 1.75 (t = 17) |
Serine | 0.87 ± 0.52 (t = 13) | 1.73 ± 0.19 (t = 16) | 1.60 ± 0.17 (t = 6) | 24.27 ± 1.22 (t = 98) |
Glycine | 1.23 ± 0.52 (t = 13) | 6.84 ± 1.11 (t = 4) | < LOD | 698.4 ± 60.2 (t = 182) |
Arginine | 9.61 ± 0.91 (t = 7) | < LOD | 76.80 ± 0.01 (t = 10) | 35.47 ± 1.43 (t = 182) |
Histidine | 6.84 ± 0.01 (t = 8) | 58.53 ± 1.40 (t = 26) | 10.83 ± 4.54 (t = 10) | < LOD |
Others | ||||
Acetate | 12949 ± 851 (t = 8) | 36657 ± 821 (t = 10) | 7518 ± 151 (t = 9) | < LOD |
Ethanol | n.d. | n.d. | 4.58 ± 0.04 (t = 10) | n.d. |
Orotate | 1100 ± 27 (t = 9) | 25.00 ± 4.24 (t = 14) | 18.50 ± 0.71 (t = 17) | n.d. |
Uracil | 1443 ± 30 (t = 26) | 2099 ± 45 (t = 26) | 175.0 ± 2.8 (t = 26) | n.d. |